Galen gilt als national und konservativ. He frequently complained directly to Hitler when he felt that the German dictator had violated the concordat he had signed in 1933 with the Vatican. Februar im Alter von 79 Jahren in Borken im Münsterland, wie „Kirche-und-Leben.de“ im Umfeld der Familie bestätigt wurde. Schöne Sprüche und Weisheiten von Clemens von Galen genauer: Clemens August Graf von Galen (geb. Herr Rosenberg must be taken seriously if the German situation is to be understood. Karlsplatz 1 59065 Hamm Tel. Go on working for Him... oh, you dear Saviour!" Ich kann auch leben, ohne Kardinal zu sein.“ Ein mehrteiliges Drama vom Fliegen, von Zündkerzen, ausgefallenen und überfüllten Zügen. Germany's capital contained districts of Protestant elites, a Catholic community composed of primarily working-class people and a Jewish community of both middle-class and poorer immigrants. He scoffed at marriage ceremonies and funerals conducted before altars dedicated to Wotan, surprising Stroop, who had attended such a ceremony only days before. [7], Galen belonged to one of the oldest and most distinguished noble families of Westphalia. I encouraged them, each who was able, to serve the Fatherland...I have done this [volunteered] because I believe I must be a good example for my community. He said he had forwarded his evidence to the State Attorney. … [46] The local Nazi Gauleiter was furious and demanded Galen's immediate arrest. He was an outspoken critic of certain Nazi policies and helped draft Pope Pius XI's 1937 anti-Nazi encyclical Mit brennender Sorge (With Burning Concern). When in November 1936 the Oldenburg Nazis removed all crucifixes from the schools, Galen’s protest sparked a public demonstration, and the order was canceled. The confiscation of religious institutions continued unabated. He described how "the Israelites debased the Savior", and how people who resisted Jesus as the Christ appeared on the "side of the blinded Jews". May God protect the dear fatherland. A commanding presence (6 feet 7 inches (2.01 m) tall) — his rooms were furnished simply, he wore unpretentious clothing, and he spoke plainly — he did not like the theatre, secular music (except for military marches), or literature. Dieser obgleich nur als Vermutung geäußerte Vorwurf der Euthanasie war bereits die dritte Predigt von Clemens August Graf von Galen, in der der Bischof die kirchen- und menschenfeindliche Politik der Nationalsozialisten anprangerte: Am 13. Sunday, 9 April 2017. can destroy the other commandments as well. Born into the German aristocracy, Galen received part of his education in Austria-Hungary from the Jesuits at the Stella Matutina School in the town of Feldkirch. On 13 April 1945, he raised a protest with American military authorities against the mass rape of German women by Allied and particularly Soviet soldiers as well as against the plundering of German homes, factories, research centres, firms and offices by American and British troops.[68][69]. Kardinal Clemens August von Galen war jedoch nur einer von vielen Kreuzzugs-Predigern, die von der Kirche selig- bzw. Triumph und Tod. At a time when the Jesuits were still not permitted in Münster, he received his main schooling at a Jesuit School, Stella Matutina in the Vorarlberg, Austria, where only Latin was spoken. However, like other bishops, according to Kuropka, Galen missed the right time to “escape into the public eye” on the question of the persecution of the Jews, which Galen later claimed to have blamed himself for. In 1941, von Galen delivered three sermons in which he denounced the arrest of Jesuits, the confiscation of church property, Nazi attacks on the Church, and in the third, fiercely condemned the state-approved mass killing in the involuntary euthanasia programme of persons with mental or physical defects (Aktion T4). But, disenchanted with the anti-Catholic propaganda and racism of Adolf Hitler’s regime, Galen soon became a powerful critic of the Nazis. Not because they have committed crimes worthy of death…. Despite numerous British obstacles and denial of air travel, Galen arrived in Rome 5 February 1946. gedacht und an seine ebenfalls heilig gesprochene Gemahlin Kunigunde. Woe to us German people if we not only licence this heinous offence but allow it to be committed with impunity! [49] Ian Kershaw called Galen's "open attack" on the government's euthanasia programme in 1941 a "vigorous denunciation of Nazi inhumanity and barbarism". His term as bishop thus closely coincided with the Chancellorship of Adolf Hitler.. Galen left Innsbruck in 1903 to enter the seminary in Münster and was ordained a priest on 28 May 1904 by Bishop Hermann Dingelstadt. 16.3.1878 - 22.3.1946 ), deutscher Bischof und Kardinal. [39] On 3 August 1941, in one of his series of denunciations, Galen declared:[41]. Why? Als Clemens August Graf von Galen am 9. Clemens August Graf von Galen, Bishop of Münster from 1933 until his death in 1946, is renowned for his opposition to Nazism, most notably for his public preaching in 1941 against Hitler’s euthanasia project to rid the country of sick, elderly, mentally retarded, and disabled Germans. Galen told the Pope, "Yes, Holy Father, but many of my very best priests died in concentration camps, because they distributed my sermons." Katholikos Kyriake Sancta Ecclesia de Iesous Christos et Maria Magdalena At first Galen hoped that the Nazis would restore Germany to the position of respect that it had lost in World War I. "[48] Howard K. Smith called Galen "heroic", writing that the movement he represented was so widespread that the Nazi government could not arrest the bishop. "Thou shalt not kill." Das Büro ist im Pfarrhaus hinter der Herz-Jesu Kirche. [71] In the face of his resistance and broad popularity, they allowed him free speech without any censorship. Meyer served nine years in British and Canadian military prisons. Wie wenig die meisten heutigen Deutschen die ethischen Grundlagen dieses Widerstands teilen, wird für jeden greifbar, der die vollständige Predigt liest, die Clemens August Graf von Galen am 3. Despite numerous British obstacles and denial of air travel, Galen arrived in Rome 5 February 1946. Durch seine Seligsprechung im Jahre 2005 erhielt sie zusätzlich eine neue Dynamik. "[16] He believed the stab-in-the-back myth, which held that the German Army hadn't been defeated in battle but by being undermined by defeatist elements on the home front[17] and, as did most Germans, considered the Treaty of Versailles unjust. He intensely disliked the liberal values of the Weimar Republic and opposed individualism, socialism, and democracy. In March, Pope Pius XI issued the encyclical Mit brennender Sorge (With Burning Concern), accusing the Nazi government of violating the 1933 Concordat and of sowing the "tales of suspicion, discord, hatred, calumny, of secret and open fundamental hostility to Christ and His Church". Den Anstoß zu dem Thema gaben 2015 die gleichnamigen Dinklager Schulen. Joseph Goebbels and party pragmatists preferred to wait until the end of hostilities to avoid undermining German morale in a heavily Catholic area. The sermons were printed and distributed illegally. Denn in dem Augenblick, in welchem die menschliche Obrigkeit in ihren Befehlen den klar Updates? [22][23], In 1934, Bishop Galen began to attack the racial ideology of the Nazi regime, partly poking fun at it, partly critiquing its ideological basis as presented by the Nazi ideologist Alfred Rosenberg. Gehorsam & Gewissen. He asked his listeners to be patient and to endure, and said that the German people were being destroyed not by the Allied bombing from the outside, but from negative forces within.[44]. [55] Galen feared that German Catholics were being relegated to second-class status in Hitler's Germany and believed Hitler was missing the point that the Catholic Church and the state could be aligned against Bolshevism. Einer der wenigen Kirchenmänner, die es gewagt haben, sich gegen die Nazis zu stellen, den Mund aufzumachen – in die Opposition zu gehen. He condemned the Nazi "worship of race" in a pastoral letter on 29 January 1934. Tel. [37] In a Table Talk from 1942, Hitler said: "The fact that I remain silent in public over Church affairs is not in the least misunderstood by the sly foxes of the Catholic Church, and I am quite sure that a man like Bishop von Galen knows full well that after the war I shall extract retribution to the last farthing". At a meeting in Münster of the Association of Catholic Academicians in June 1933, Galen spoke against those scholars who had criticised the Nazi government and called for "a just and objective evaluation of [Hitler's] new political movement". März: Clemens August Graf von Galen wird in Dinklage (Münsterland) als Sohn des Zentrumsabgeordneten Ferdinand Graf von Galen und dessen Frau Elisabeth (geb. Als Gegner der nationalsozialistischen Ideologie war er an den Vorbereitungen der päpstlichen Enzyklika Mit brennender Sorge vom März 1937 zur Lage der katholischen Kirche in Deutschland beteiligt.. Aus altem katholischen Adel stammend, wurde von Galen 1904 zum Priester … 40. Muss... L Versand möglich. Kundige Biografie unter einem spezifischen Blickwinkel - Der Autor zeigt wie sich Galens Glaube und... Versand möglich. [61] Apart from official pronouncements on the subject by the Pope and by German church bodies, Galen himself denounced Nazi racism on multiple occasions,[62] and he was partly responsible for the German bishops' conference condemnation of racial persecution in the 1943 pastoral letter Dekalog-Hirtenbrief. [3], Galen became the pastor of St. Lambert's Church, Münster, where he initially upset some parishioners with his political conservatism. [3] In 1933, Galen was elected bishop of Münster, although he was not the popular candidate to succeed the previous bishop, Johannes Poggenburg, and was selected only after other candidates had declined to be nominated and despite a protest from the Papal Nuncio Cesare Orsenigo, who reported that Galen was bossy and paternalistic in his public utterances. "[73], When SS-General Kurt Meyer, accused of complicity in the shooting of eighteen Canadian prisoners of war, was sentenced to death, Galen pleaded for his life to be spared: "According to what has been reported to me, General Kurt Meyer was sentenced to death because his subordinates committed crimes he didn't arrange and of which he did not approve. Clemens August Graf von Galen wurde am 16.03.1878 auf der Burg Dinklage im Oldenburgischen Teil des Bistums Münster geboren. In an interview with Swiss media, Galen demanded punishment for Nazi criminals but humane treatment for the millions of German prisoners of war who had not committed any crimes and who were being denied contact with their relatives by the British. v. W. Först, Köln und Berlin 1979. He was not an easy student to teach, and his Jesuit superior wrote to his parents: "Infallibility is the main problem with Clemens, who under no circumstance will admit that he may be wrong. He had become famous and popular, so after the pope had placed the red hat on his head with the words: 'God bless you, God bless Germany', Saint Peter's Basilica for minutes thundered in a "triumphant applause" for Galen. Aufnahmeort: Privathaus der Familie Reding in Dortmund. In 1896 he went to study at the Catholic University of Freiburg, which had been established in 1886 by the Dominicans, where he encountered the writings of Thomas Aquinas. Am 22. [35] The programme systematically murdered more than 70,000 people between September 1939 and August 1941. heilig gesprochen wurden. Frederik Böckmann | 19.03.2021 Galen's three powerful sermons of July and August 1941 earned him the nickname of the "Lion of Münster". 3. In part because of Galen’s public protest, the T4 program was formally halted, though it continued clandestinely. [20] In 1933, when the Nazi school superintendent of Münster issued a decree that religious instruction be combined with discussion of the "demoralising power" of the "people of Israel", Galen refused, writing that such interference in the school curriculum was a breach of the Concordat and that he feared children would be confused as to their "obligation to act with charity to all men" and as to the historical mission of the people of Israel. https://www.dhm.de/.../biografie-clemens-august-graf-von-galen.html May God reward you for it. [34] It targeted people with dementia, cognitive/mental disabilities, mental illness, epileptic, physical disabilities, children with Down's Syndrome and people with similar afflictions. Galen closed by assuring the officers that the Church would remain loyal to the state in all lawful matters. Diese Tatsache endete nicht mit seinem Tod am 22. Rom/Münster - Fast 60 Jahre nach seinem Tod ist der als Widerstandskämpfer im Nationalsozialismus bekannt gewordene Kardinal Clemens August von Galen am Sonntag in Rom selig gesprochen worden. Clemens August Graf von Galen wurde 1933 zum Bischof von Münster ernannt. Zunächst galt Clemens August Graf von Galen den Nationalsozialisten als staatstreuer Kirchendiener. [66] Thus when Bishop Galen delivered his famous 1941 denunciations of Nazi euthanasia and the lawlessness of the Gestapo, he also said that the Church had never sought the "overthrow of the Reich government". Documents suggest the Nazis intended to hang him at the end of the war. [14], During the First World War, Galen volunteered for military service in order to demonstrate his loyalty to the Kaiser. And what resolution in his sermons! He denounced the Nazis for trying to introduce Germanic neo-paganism into his diocese. [27], By late 1935, Galen was urging a joint pastoral letter from the German bishops to protest about an "underground war" against the church. On second review, a Canadian general, finding only "a mass of circumstantial evidence", commuted Meyer's death sentence to imprisonment. He told his audience that "whoever does not listen to the Church is a heathen and officially is a sinner". Clemens August Graf von Galen (* 1878; † 1946) was Bishop of Münster from 1933 to 1946. 210–11. Galen did not protest the antisemitic 1935 Nuremberg Laws, or the Kristallnacht pogrom of 1938. Clemens Augustinus Joseph Emmanuel Pius Antonius Hubertus Marie Graf von Galen ou Clemens August Kardinal Graf von Galen ou ainda Clemens August Graf von Galen foi um arcebispo alemão, criado cardeal pelo Papa Pio XII em 1946, e beatificado em … Clemens August Graf von Galen. Frederik Böckmann | 19.03.2021 On August 3, 1941, he grounded his sermon on the biblical commandment not to kill: The first batch of innocent folk have left Marienthal under sentence of death….And so we must await the news that these wretched defenceless patients will sooner or later lose their lives. [36], In 1941, with the Wehrmacht still marching on Moscow, Galen, despite his long-time nationalist sympathies, denounced the lawlessness of the Gestapo, the confiscations of church properties, and the Nazi euthanasia programme. [45] Galen went on to raise the question of whether permanently injured German soldiers would fall under the programme as well. Quoting Pope Pius XII's Opus Justitiae Pax and Justitia fundamentum Regnorum, Galen noted that "Peace is the work of Justice and Justice, the basis for dominion", then attacked the Third Reich for undermining justice, the belief in justice and for reducing the German people to a state of permanent fear, even cowardice. Sie sollen an das Wirken des Kardinals erinnern. [38] Hitler wanted to have Galen removed as a bishop, but Goebbels told him this would result in the loss of the loyalty of the population of Westphalia. [21] By early 1937, the church hierarchy in Germany, which had initially attempted to co-operate with the Nazi government, had become highly disillusioned. 67-99, "Bischof Clemens August Graf von Galen im Kampf gegen den Rassenwahn", "Bishop von Galen against racist delusion". Den Anstoß zu dem Thema gaben 2015 die gleichnamigen Dinklager Schulen. [34] After 1941 the killing continued unofficially, with the total number of deaths estimated at 200,000. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In 1897 he began to study a variety of topics, including literature, history, and philosophy. In July and August 1941 Galen preached against the general lawlessness of the Gestapo, the confiscation of religious property, and the T4 Program instituted by Hitler in 1939—a program involving the systematic murder of more than 70,000 sick, elderly, mentally retarded, physically infirm, emotionally distraught, and disabled Germans, who were an embarrassment to the myth of Aryan supremacy. He equated the rejection of Christianity with rejection of worldly authority, leading to anarchy and chaos. One of his teachers was history professor and noted biblical archaeologist Johann Peter Kirsch. Following his return from the wearisome travel to Vatican City, the new cardinal was celebrated enthusiastically in his native Westphalia and in his destroyed city of Münster, which still lay completely in ruins as a result of the air raids. [1] As bishop, Galen campaigned against the totalitarian approach of the Nazi Party in national education, appealing to parents to insist on Catholic teaching in schools. They are the unchangeable and fundamental truths of our social life... Where in Germany and where, here, is obedience to the precepts of God? He was beatified by Pope Benedict XVI in 2005. [43], In a second sermon on 20 July 1941, Galen said that all written protests against the Nazi hostilities had proved to be useless. [37] He attacked the Gestapo for converting church properties to their own purposes – including use as cinemas and brothels. Clemens August Graf von Galen wurde am 16. He assumed responsibility for the publication of a collection of essays which fiercely criticized Nazi ideologist Alfred Rosenberg and defended the teachings of the Catholic Church. Consecration of the Bishop of Münster, Bishop Clemens August Graf von Galen, accompanied by His Eminence Cardinal Schulte of Cologne, Bishop Bornewasser of Trier and State Dr. William Berning-Osnabrück in solemn procession from the Bishop’s Palace to the Cathedral. On 28 October, he was consecrated as bishop in Münster's cathedral by Cardinal Karl Joseph Schulte. Clemens en August Bluse Hemd Gr. Together with Munich's Cardinal Faulhaber and Berlin's Bishop Preysing, Galen helped to draft Pope Pius XI's anti-Nazi encyclical Mit brennender Sorge (With Burning Concern) of 1937. "[35], The sermons inspired various people in the German Resistance. [21] Galen often protested against violations of the Concordat to Hitler directly. [58] Kuropka also emphasized Galen's cordial personal relationship with Münster town rabbi Fritz Steinthal. Bischöflicher Wahlspruch Clemens August von Galens Nec laudibus nec timore – Weder durch Menschenlob noch Menschenfurcht . "[13] For the working class, Catholicism and Social Democracy competed for allegiance. Inhalt. Blessed Clemens August, Graf von Galen, (born March 16, 1878, Dinklage, Oldenburg, Germany—died March 22, 1946, Münster), Roman Catholic bishop of Münster, Germany, who was noted for his public opposition to Nazism. In this atmosphere, Galen sought to be an energetic and idealistic leader of his parish. Until his death, he refused to recognize that referring to Jews as "degenerate", "rejected", and "lost" or labeling anarchy or liberalism as "Jewish", in any way aided the Nazi regime or and its racist antisemitism. Clemens August Graf von Galen , der zum Kardinal erhobene Bischof von Münster, kehrt am 16. Frings platzte schon der Kragen: „Herr General, bitte kehren Sie um! Clemens August Graf von Galen 1878-1946. 11 € 48167 Gremmendorf. [39] Galen said that it was the duty of Christians to resist the taking of human life, even if it meant losing their own lives. Die im Titel als Zitat gekennzeichnete Begriffsbildung „Pest des Laizismus“ stammt aus der Enzyklika Quas primas Papst Pius’ XI. He took a large number of comforting personal messages to their worried families. März 1878 geboren . In 1936, when the Nazis removed crucifixes from schools, Galen's protest led to a public demonstration. Clemens August Graf von Galen was beatified on 9 October 2005 outside St. Peter's Basilica by Pope Benedict XVI, the 47th anniversary of the death of Pope Pius (1958). August 1941 hält Clemens August Graf von Galen in Münster eine unerhörte Predigt: Er wettert gegen den Massenmord der Nationalsozialisten … Fatima’s heavenly room of true light is now the new home of the universe of the one good God, who does not allow the world anymore in any shore to continue against the truth of His eternal family the most unholy fight! Clemens August von Galen. Throughout the Weimar years he remained on the right of German politics. Bischöflicher Wahlspruch Clemens August Graf von Galens. … Statuesque in appearance and uncompromising in discussion, this oak-bottomed old aristocrat … is a German nationalist through and through.”, mass killing in the involuntary euthanasia programme of persons with mental or physical defects, relentless persecution of Christians within the Soviet Union after 1918, murder of people with disabilities (viewed by the nazi regime as "invalid" individuals), former German provinces and territories in the east, "The Murder of Unproductive Persons" Clemens von Galen, Death and Deliverance: 'Euthanasia' in Germany, C.1900 to 1945, Encyclopædia Britannica's Reflections on the Holocaust, Library : The Bishop vs. the Nazis: Bl. Reluctant to transform Galen into a martyr, the Nazi government put him under virtual house arrest but deported priests serving in his diocese and took violent retribution against at least three priests who had distributed the sermon. [75] Generous American cardinals financed his Roman stay, as German money was not in demand. [23] Bishop Galen also derided the neo-pagan theories of Rosenberg in The Myth of the Twentieth Century as perhaps no more than "an occasion for laughter in the educated world", but warned that Rosenberg's "immense importance lies in the acceptance of his basic notions as the authentic philosophy of National Socialism and in his almost unlimited power in the field of German education. Gräfin Josepha Christina Amalie Schaffgotsch genannt Semperfrei von und zu Kynast und Greiffenstein, 30. Versuch einer historischen Würdigung:~ Die Gestalt und das Wirken des Bischofs Clemens August Graf v. Galen, dessen zwanzigster Todestag den Anlaß des heutigen Ge denkens bildet, sind nicht nur in Stadt und Bistum Münster und nicht nur im katholischen Volksteil in lebendiger Erinnerung. Clemens August Kardinal von Galen. Nach dem Tod von Karl Leisner schrieb Bischof Clemens August Graf von Galen am 4. He feared the lower classes would embrace radicalism and anarchy. The British authorities ordered him to renounce the sermon immediately, but the bishop refused. Hier finden Sie alles rund um Clemens August von Galen und weiteren Glaubenszeugen. [63] During a commemoration in 2012, Jewish Holocaust survivor and witness Hans Kaufmann of Münster reminded of the fact that bishop Clemens August von Galen had offered a helping hand to the town's rabbi Fritz Steinthal after the 1938 Kristallnacht, but deplored that other Jewish victims in Münster did not receive much aid from neighbours the day after. Heinz Mussinghoff, Rassenwahn in Münster, Der Judenpogrom 1938 und Bischof Clemens August Graf von Galen, Regensberg Verlag, Münster, 1989, pp. He was promoted to cardinal in 1946 and beatified in 2005. Skulptur „Clemens August Graf von Galen“ (Toni Schneider-Manzell, 1978) am St.-Paulus-Dom, Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Deutschland (2014) Englisch Sculpture “Clemens August Graf von Galen” (Toni Schneider-Manzell, 1978) at St Paul's Cathedral, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany (2014) He told her how the Pope had quoted long passages from Galen's 1941 sermons from memory and how the Pope thanked him for his courage. He also expressed his opposition to modernity in his book Die Pest des Laizismus und ihre Erscheinungsformen (The Plague of Laicism and its Forms of Expression) (1932). Citing the recently agreed-upon Reichskonkordat assurance that the Church had the right to determine its own religious instruction, he successfully forced the National Socialists to permit continued Catholic instruction in Catholic schools. I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. Blessed Clemens August Graf Cardinal von Galen (16 March 1878 – 22 March 1946) was the Catholic Bishop of Münster from 1933 to 1946. On October 9, 2005, he was beatified by the church, largely because of his role in opposing the T4 Program. Wegen seiner mutigen Predigten gegen die Vernichtung sogenannten „lebensunwerten Lebens“ im Nationalsozialismus wurde der frühere Münsteraner Bischof Kardinal Clemens August von Galen als „Löwe von Münster“ berühmt und 2005 seliggesprochen.
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